Back in the mid-1970s, Suzuki hit the road with what it thought was going to be the future of motorcycling. The Suzuki RE-5 married the thrill of riding with the then-still novel rotary engine. It promised buttery-smooth operation, long touring legs, and advanced technology. Yet, few people were willing to pay the high price for the future. Suzuki called it quits after just two years and the failed project was so expensive it reportedly nearly bankrupted the company. Legend has it, Suzuki was so embarrassed that it dumped spares into the ocean.
Over 47 years later, I just bought one of these weirdos of the motorcycling world and it’s a dream come true. The Suzuki RE-5 may have failed Suzuki, but it is bringing me happiness. Here’s why I bought it.
Back in the spring of 2018, I got my endorsement for a newfound obsession. Motorcycles offered a different kind of motoring bliss that I hadn’t experienced before. It wasn’t long before the denizens of Opposite-Lock started influencing me with weird, fast, and affordable motorcycles. I had long been drawn to the style of a vintage motorcycle and now I was able to ride one. It didn’t take a long time for me to start appreciating the oddballs of motorcycling. After all, by 2018 I owned four cars and all of them were Smart Fortwos. My first motorcycle? That was a Buell Blast.
Early on, I grew an affinity for the Japanese motorcycles of the 1950s through the 1980s. Japan’s advancement of the two-wheeler through that period is just as impressive as the country’s contribution to vehicles on four wheels.
In 1958, Honda launched the Super Cub, a small, practical, and affordable motorcycle that captured riders around the world of all ages, genders, and riding skills. The Super Cub was the subject of the iconic “You meet the nicest people on a Honda” advertising campaign and continues to be the most-produced vehicle in the world with well over 100 million built. In later years, Honda would experiment with adding power through cylinders as well as power through forced induction.
Honda wasn’t alone, either. Yamaha also experimented with turbocharging. When the EPA announced stricter emissions rules in 1977, Yamaha developed a system that reduced fuel consumption by speeding up the processes of intake charge and combustion while upping combustion efficiency.
Over at Suzuki, speed was the name of the game with the wicked-fast RD350. Meanwhile, the GT750 “Water Buffalo” made motorcycling history when it became the first Japanese production bike to feature water-cooling. The RE-5 was just another experiment into advancing motorcycles.
Rotaries Were Supposed To Be A Big Deal
None of this really explains how Suzuki ended up with a rotary bike. For that, let’s go back to the 1970s. As the American Motorcyclist Association’s American Motorcyclist magazine writes, Felix Wankel patented his engine in 1929 before later joining the Nazi Party’s Aeronautical Research Establishment during World War II. Wankel would join NSU in 1959, where he would create a working prototype, creating more patents along the way.
Car and motorcycle producers around the world were captivated by this new type of engine and allured by its promises. Wankel engines have far fewer moving parts than an equivalent piston engine. In theory, this means a rotary is a simpler engine that should be more reliable. On top of this, rotary engines are compact and are nearly turbine engine-smooth. More advantages come from a good power-to-weight ratio and, as builders and tuners have found out, these are small engines that can make big power.
And they did it without pistons. Instead, you got a spinning Dorito inside of a chamber. Look at Wankel’s patent for NSU:
A number of companies have all experimented with the rotary engine using licenses from NSU. General Motors wanted to stick a rotary in the Vega, and there was a chance that we could have had a mid-engine rotary-powered Corvette in the 1970s. Then, General Motors scrapped its rotary developments entirely after the Wankel failed, as the New York Times reported, to “demonstrate the potential for low emissions levels and fuel economy equal to those of current reciprocating piston engines.”
AMC, Norton, Citroën, Daimler-Benz, Honda, Kawasaki, AvtoVAZ, Ford, Yamaha, and Van Veen. All of these are companies that have experimented with rotaries. Many of these experiments never reached production and some did, but once the disadvantages of rotary power couldn’t be overcome, those companies pulled out. Only Mazda was brave enough to keep rotaries in production cars and even that was paused after the RX-8 ended sales in 2012. However, Mazda is trying once again with vehicles like the MX-30 R-EV.
Suzuki was another company with its rotary experiment, and it produced the motorcycle I now own today.
The RE-5
In the 1970s, Suzuki was looking for a way to set itself apart from its rivals. As I said before, the Japanese motorcycle industry was in a period of looking for the next big thing. Motorcycle manufacturers wanted to draw buyers to their fare by having the latest cutting-edge motorcycles. Honda, Suzuki, and Yamaha all began looking into a possible future of rotary power. Suzuki’s development started after it bought a license to the NSU Wankel engine and by 1973, the firm had its first 497cc single-rotor prototype built.
Suzuki’s team didn’t just toss a licensed engine into a motorcycle frame. Instead, it sought to solve the issues of the NSU rotary engine design. Rotaries tend to run hot, so Suzuki applied its water-cooling technology to the engine. Suzuki also wanted to solve high wear on the rotor housing’s inner surface. This was solved by partnering up with Platecraft of America, Inc., which developed a surface-treatment technology to reduce wear. Other wear-reducing technology comes from Suzuki’s use of a mix of cast-iron alloy and titanium to make the engine’s apex seals.
Suzuki even baked in a design to reduce carbon build-up. Also included in the RE-5 design are two oiling systems, a primary for lubricating internal bearings and a total-loss oiling system to lubricate the rotor tips. So, the RE-5 operates somewhat like a two-stroke!
Suzuki even made a special double-barrel carburetor and three ports on the engine to provide power at high revs while allowing familiar rideability at low revs. The RE-5’s engineers went as far as to give the motorcycle a special exhaust system to combat the rotary’s super-heated exhaust gases. The exhaust pipes are double-walled with heat shields. Functional intakes up at the front are meant to draw in cool exhaust gases. The other benefit is that the exhausts look like the intakes of a fighter jet.
The cool styling didn’t end there. Suzuki went with a circular theme and had Giorgetto Giugiaro design the motorcycle’s lighting and instrument cluster. Early RE-5s have a unique cylindrical instrument cluster, a cylindrical brake light, and fantastic spherical lights. Later models like mine have turn signals that look like lanterns, but the cluster and brake light are very normal.
Production began in 1974 and honestly, it was impressive that Suzuki decided to follow through. Remember, the 1970s were a time of oil crises and people started paying attention to the environment. Yamaha built a fast rotary-powered RZ201, but pulled out of the idea of putting it into production after considering the poor fuel economy and emissions associated with a rotary. Yamaha also reportedly thought a rotary bike would look ugly.
Suzuki pushed forward, burning millions on development including the construction of production facilities, training dealers on the bewildering machine, and getting the press to swing a leg over RE-5s.
The Suzuki RE-5 comes with a 497cc single-rotor Wankel making 62 HP and 54.9 lb-ft of torque. This horsepower comes on high in the rev range at 6,500 RPM, which is roughly 500 RPM before you have to shift again.
Reportedly, the motorcycle press was impressed with the RE-5’s smoothness, handling, and comfort, but other parts were a letdown. Cycle World compared the RE-5 against a Kawasaki Z1B and a BMW R90/6. While the BMW won the test, Cycle World was fascinated by the Suzuki. It was both problematic, but also presented some interesting quirks. Check out these paragraphs:
During our initiation run in the desert we had experienced some cooling problems with a few of the rotarys. Suzuki’s mechanics diagnosed the problem as foreign material in the fuel, which plugged the fuel filters, creating a lean condition and the eventual heat problems. But in our recent road testing evaluation, our test machine again got extremely warm on a medium hot day; the cooling fan had to work overtime to keep things on the happy side of trouble. Some coolant was lost out through the overflow tube, which dumps directly in front of the rear tire! That certainly could prove interesting at the wrong moment!
[…]
Where the Suzuki makes up for the clunk is in the level of engine vibration. Of course, this is what people proclaim to be the prime virtue of the rotary engine. It makes no difference to the RE whether it’s turning 1500 or 7000 rpm. Buttery smooth remains the constant. When the rider can see clearly in > the rear view mirrors at 100 mph, that’s revolutionary.
[…]
Cruising along at freeway speeds, the Suzuki has a sound all its own. Surprisingly enough, the engine runs quieter at higher speeds than at lower ones. When riding in the company of the BMW and Zl, in fact—particularly at traffic speeds near parked cars-the RE5’s noise level is on the objectionable side. We don’t care what the db meters read, the RE will furrow a brow or two.
Sadly, the RE-5 failed to make a splash. The problem was, there wasn’t much of a reason to buy an RE-5 outside of the engine’s smoothness. The RE-5 weighed around 577 pounds wet and so long as you aren’t hammering the throttle, your fuel economy will be about 30 mpg. That’s not great for a motorcycle of this size. Add in the loud noise at lower RPM and the pollution and it wasn’t really a motorcycle that made sense for the 1970s. Perhaps the worst part was the price. A Suzuki RE-5 sold for $2,500, or $16,472 in today’s money. Consider that at the same time, you could buy a Honda CB750 for $1,495, or $9,850 today. The Honda was faster, lighter, more reliable, cheaper, and more fuel-efficient.
Suzuki made around 6,000 RE-5s and sold them between 1974 and 1976. It’s often reported that Suzuki spent so much money on developing the RE-5 that its commercial failure brought it near the brink of bankruptcy.
Thankfully, Suzuki had other irons in the fire and was able to recover. There’s long been a legend that Suzuki was so embarrassed by the failure of the RE-5 that it dumped spare parts into the ocean.
This has never been confirmed and I have reached out to Suzuki to see if anyone there knows about the end of the RE-5 program.
My RE-5
You’d think that a bike that was a total failure would be a cheap find in today’s marketplace, but the RE-5 seems to have enchanted collectors. I regularly see these for sale and selling for between $9,000 and $16,000. I’ve found non-running barn finds for $4,500. Because of this, I thought I would never really find one for the cheap sort of prices I like to pay for a vehicle. Admittedly, if I’m spending $16,000 on a motorcycle, I’d first buy a new Indian FTR.
Then I saw it. Just an hour and a half north of me in Milwaukee sat a 1976 RE-5. Sure, it was one of the later models, which meant none of the cool gauges or the sweet lights, but the seller’s asking price was under $4,000. Even better, the seller stated the motorcycle still ran, but it needed some carb cleaning.
Over the weekend, I arrived at the seller’s location and sure enough, the RE-5 started and idled on choke. The seller told me he bought it in the Pacific Northwest and then brought it over to Wisconsin. He rode it through last year’s season, then let it sit for most of this year. The inside of the tank is clean and it looks like there’s nothing obviously wrong with the bike’s hoses. So, I guessed that maybe the bike isn’t so happy with the old fuel in its tank. Either way, I was happy to part ways with $3,400 and I went home with the biggest smile on my face.
Of course, a $3,400 Suzuki RE-5 isn’t going to be the cleanest machine in the world. I didn’t get the full story on this machine, but I would bet money on it having spent some time idle. Some bits are a bit more crusty and rusty than I’d expect on a machine with just 4,600 original miles. But, if someone more or less abandoned it for some time, I could see it. Thankfully, nothing is too far gone. All of the rust, including the rust on the tank, is of the surface variety. Some elbow grease and paint will make this bike beautiful again. Or, I could seal in that patina and let the bike wear its history with pride.
I was curious about the mechanical bits, so I tossed some carb cleaner and some fresh fuel into the tank. The motorcycle choked for a bit but started running way better than it did in the seller’s shop. I bet a deeper carb clean and maybe a touch of carb tuning will get this RE-5 back into prime mechanical shape. I did get it running good enough for a ride around my neighborhood.
Even in a state when it isn’t running well, that rotary engine is buttery-smooth. If it weren’t for the sound of a trillion pissed-off bees under my legs, I would say it’s almost as smooth as an electric motorcycle. Oh yeah, that sound is so loud. I don’t know if there’s something wrong with my muffler, but the RE-5 is so loud that I’m fairly sure someone nearly a quarter mile away could hear it buzzing away like a chainsaw from hell. I think what was most surprising from this short ride was how different the RE-5 and its rotary felt to ride.
After nearly six years of riding, I’ve been able to swing a leg over everything from inline fours and boxers to V-twins, electrics, singles, and even a sole V4. None of them are even comparable to riding a rotary. The lack of a ton of vibration is unique in itself, but the power delivery, even with my choked-out bike, was unlike anything else. I’m going to hold a full review until it’s running properly.
When I was riding it, I didn’t care about my RE-5’s current issues. I was riding a motorcycle I never thought I would own! Even better, the bike got hot enough to kick on its fan and regulate its own temperature. Everything worked, from the digital gear indicator to the physical odometer. The fork seals didn’t even leak! I’ve had a number of old Japanese bikes where I had no idea about mileage because theirs odometers broke years before I came around.
For now, my plans will be to get the engine back into tip-top shape and then to clean the motorcycle up. I won’t be going for making it so pretty you could enter it into a fancy show, but just clean enough that it doesn’t appear as if it sat in a barn for the past 40 years. Overall, I just want to Live, Laugh, and Love with my Suzuki RE-5.
(Images: Author, unless otherwise noted.)
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Mercedes, you mention two separate oiling systems, one being a total-loss system for apex seal lubrication. Does that have its own reservoir? Mazda decided to have a dedicated pump that would pull oil from the front cover and the full oiling system capacity. The drawback to that is towards the end of an oil change interval, you would be using “dirty” oil. Mazda also recommended never to use synthetics because some may not have burned as well as conventional oils way back then. Many Mazda rotary owners ditch the oil metering pump and run premix in the fuel tank only. Others install an adaptor so the pump pulls in oil of your choosing from a separate reservoir. Some even do both, myself included.
Indeed, there’s a separate tank under the seat! A metering system pulls oil in, a bit like an autolube system for a two-stroke.
Many of us in the two-stroke SAAB world don’t trust those and instead rely on premix either as a supplement or as a replacement, even for cars originally equipped with the optional injection system. My own 96 started life with an injector engine but this was swapped for a mixer engine before I got ahold of it, with the rest of the system entirely removed. I don’t feel any particular urge to track down everything it would take to switch it back.
Yeah, I’ve used premix with every two-stroke I’ve owned. I’ve never had an oil pump failure, but I don’t want to learn the hard way.
My other two-strokes (cars, moped, and pogo stick) are all mixers anyway, so I’m perfectly happy to avoid learning about the consequences of pump failure as well.
That’s really cool, particularly the smoothness. Though I’m surprised it is only 30mpg, my 97 Harley 1340cc gets around 40pmg when cruising.
Not crying any tears for the rotary though, the inventor was a bad dude, probably best leave it in the past.
A cool find and a good story.
It should be reliable, which is just as well given the potential parts availability.
Have fun with it, it will like that.
That Suzuki Dorito badge on the engine is so cool
I have a hard time understanding how the Dorito orbiting the central shaft turns that shaft — or whatever outputs power to the transmission. Maybe someone can explain.
I had an RX7 (well, two, but one had a V8 because I’m a monster), and after some intensive research I found out how they really work, and the secret behind their smoothness and fuel consumption:
They aren’t really internal combustion engines. Gallons of fuel pour down in to the motor and make the rotors spin just like a water wheel.
The spark plugs are just there to burn off the fuel so it doesn’t leave huge puddles behind the vehicle.
Seriously: the rotors are geared to the housing, and sit on a crank, you can see it in the animation up there. You can also see that the combustion chamber is long and thin, which is rubbish for combustion which likes to happen spherically, which is one of the causes of the fuel consumption and emissions issues.
The Dorito meshes with the crankshaft(driveshaft?) in the center and as it rolls around it spins the shaft in a wibbly wobbly fashion.
Like a Spirograph when I was a kid.
Yes! Did you know that there’s a direct correlation between the decline of Spirograph and rise of gang activity? Think about it.
I stared at the animation some more. What had been confusing me is the gear around which the Dorito orbits is stationary. But then, ah-ha, I saw the shaft through that gear is spinning. Oh, there’s a crank throw on the other side of that gear. Okay, got it.
Certain parts of the bike gave me a rush of nostalgia. Specifically the color and the gauges. My first bike GS550L Japanese standard quasi cruiser looking thing was literally unkillable. Learned to ride in Southern California mid eighties rode Angeles Crest. Suzuki great bike. Nice article.
Fantastic, a dream bike for me. I just pulled an early naked gold wing out of a barn her in Colorado last summer. While not quite as interesting, it still has a similar Japanese vibe. Mine needs throttle cables unfortunately but I got the flat 4 running and the smoothness compared to my other vintage bikes (mostly 4’s) is amazing. Can’t imagine the RE-5
Good luck, ride safe
Heroic.
Very cool! I’m looking forward to hearing more about your restoration and riding this crazy machine!
What a cool addition to your eclectic collection! I really appreciate all the time and information you put into your articles, Mercedes. I don’t really care for motorcycles (although I love the old Indian bikes, and BMWs are very nice), but I loved reading about the history of this interesting machine. Looking forward to reading your full review after you get it fixed up.
Great find! I hope it’s not a headache for you. The pragmatist in me says that a liquid cooled Wankel is the last thing I want to deal with in a bike. Motorcycles aren’t supposed to be the source of frustration in my garage lol
I owned a RE5 that I bought new back in the mid 1970’s.
I was a college student in upstate New York back in 1977, looking to buy another motorcycle. A dealer in Newburgh has a leftover 1975 RE5, in metallic blue. Back then even when new they were not well loved, though the magazine reviews were glowing. The dealer sold it to me for $1000 and made it crystal clear he never wanted to see me again with that bike. It was the only RE5 he took new and couldn’t move it for two years (until I came along). He explicitly said if I had any problems, needed any work on it, to not bring it to him. He had no manuals, no replacement parts, and refused to work on it. Even though new, it was ‘as is’, no warranty expressed or implied. That was OK by me. I thought I was getting a cool new bike for a bargain price.
I owned it for about a year. It was a blast to drive. After having had a few conventional bikes beforehand (three Hondas), what struck me most was how incredibly smooooth the RE5 was. The Wankel engine lived up to its reputation. No vibration whatsoever. It attracted attention wherever I went and other bikers saw it. The attention was neither complimentary nor derogatory, just ‘what the heck is that’?
The sound was distinctive, like a jet turbine spooling up for takeoff. It was quick, but like any Wankel, little torque down low. Also like any Wankel, gas mileage was abysmal. It got 25 mpg, all the time. Regardless of whether riding it hard, around town, highway, always 25 mpg (plus about a quart per 500 miles of oil consumption from the oil injection system). Handling was fabulous (for a mid 1970’s bike), though it was heavier than it looked.
My time with it came to an end about a year and about 2,500 miles later. One day, riding in the rain on the Taconic Parkway in upstate New York, rounding a curve at about 65(ish) mph, I hit some oil in the road, and down I went. I plasma-planed for about 300 feet, until an exit sign conveniently stopped my slide.
The pseudo-crash bars (there more to protect the radiator) prevented any real damage to the bike, though the left side directional lights were ground off. The biggest damage was to my ego. I also ground a lot of gravel into my left side.
The bike was still running, so I picked it up, rode to a gas station, used their hose to wash off as much of the blood and dirt (and gravel) as I could, and drove myself to the Vassar Hospital emergency room in Poughkeepsie NY. There they removed about 75 pieces of gravel from my left side.
They missed two. To this day I still have two pieces of gravel in me, just under the skin, one in my left shin, the other my left shoulder. I can see and feel them. I kept them as reminders of my joyous biking experiences. Plus whenever anyone has asked me, ‘Do you have a chip on your shoulder?’, I honestly replied, ‘Why yes, as a matter of fact I do, would you like to see it’?
The accident took place on the same day, exactly one year later, as an earlier, much more serious motorcycle accident that nearly killed me and landed me in the hospital for a couple of weeks and required some non-trivial surgery. I took it as a sign from the motorcycle gods than maybe I wasn’t meant for mechanized two-wheel transport. So I repaired the bike and sold it to a guy who lived in Connecticut.
I’d love to own one again (even though I’m now a decrepit mid-60’s-something with arthritis and not a limber college teenager). I suspect most parts are now impossible to come by. It was rumored Suzuki was so frustrated by the bike’s commercial failure that they dumped all the unsold machines and spare parts into the ocean off Japan. Parts were unobtanium in the 1970’s, I don’t imagine it’s any easier now. But then…
Who says you can’t go home again?
Excellent.
sincere thank you for sharing that story
Thank you! Some machines, cars or bikes, make an indelible impression on a person. They get under your skin (in a good way) and remain life-long momentous experiences. The RE5 was one of those for me.
Combination of two of my favorite things, motorcycles and rotories! I’ve always wanted one of these or a Hercules. If you guys ever hold a bikes and bbq in kansas city you gotta bring it. I’ll let you try out my R1200C if you let me try out the Re5, deal?
HOL-EE BUCKETS! That’s an incredible find, I’m so happy for you!
At that age it’s probably going to need new bees, can you still source JDM on those?
No but you can replace the unobtanium OEM bees with cheaper JDM murder hornets.
Oh, I thought those only worked on RZ models.
Technically yes but if you hit them with a stick enough they’ll buzz. Go ahead, give it a shot!
In addition to the uniqueness factor of a rotary engine, I like that all of the light stalks are chromed metal (or appear to be). These not only enhance appearance, they don’t dry rot and leave your lights hanging by a wire. Very nice acquisition, wish you many years of smooth riding.
Looks at the picture…wheres the airhead? Please tell me you still have it.
The airhead is safe and sound in the garage! 🙂
I was intrigued by these bikes when they were new, but never even rode one. I did, however, own a 1988 RX7 convertible years later and had many a giggle with the rotary engine. I never could pin it down, but something about that engine brought a smile to my face.
When you get to be as old as I am, you will probably find a great deal of pleasure looking back at the weird vehicles you have owned. For example, I have owned a couple of Camrys and they were fine vehicles and drove better than I expected them to, but they don’t evoke fond memories nearly as much as the less mainstream vehicles, e.g., Bugeye Sprite, King Midget, and a few more.
For those who enjoy “different” modes of transportation, I recommend riding a sidecar rig.
A slightly off-center view of life is something to be treasured, keep up the good work.
Some of my best years as a biker were with my BMW R90/6 with a Jawa sidecar. I spent one whole summer building a safe correct connection between the two. If my best friend hadn’t been a machinist it would never have happened,
The result was a very strong rig both literally and performance wise. She ran straight and true at all speeds and could be ridden hands off at 70 mph. She was great for camping and biker weekends and hilarious to ride in parades, where I would get up on two wheels at a ridiculous angle to thrill the kids and some adults who weren’t transfixed with terror!
Sold the whole thing to a guy from Chicago at a loss. My one and only crash was enough to take me off bikes for good, with a badly fucked right leg.
My 80 something Grandpa has a sidecar on his old big Honda. That thing was a blast to do tricks on, and putting the sidecar in the air with a passenger was especially fun. When done in traffic to freaks people out.
The RD350 was a Yamaha.
My first “real” bike.
What a bike to learn on.
I love them. I think she accidentally said the RD350 was a Suzuki above.
Came down here to note this. I had a precursor to the RD350, a 1969 R3 Grand Prix; crazy thing when it ran right.
Also, drum brakes are terrible when the bike goes this fast. . .
The RE-5 is on my list of bikes I’d love to have access to ride but not necessarily have to own/maintain myself. The CX650 Turbo and V65 Sabre is also on that list.
I love the “check oil before driving” panel, they just know it’s going to burn it like crazy so you’re expected to check it every time. I’m sure that didn’t help it succeed, but awesome acquisition! The smoothness would be weird on a bike for sure!
That’s an excellent find – congratulations!
I’ve seen a few of these, but have never heard one run and didn’t know they were so loud. Oddly enough the ones I’ve seen were either show bikes or barn finds – nothing in the middle like this that could actually be ridden. The brake fluid in the front master cylinder looks great, which is a really good sign.
FWIW I like the idea of preserving the patina. 99% perfect show bikes are all right, but IMO a well-maintained survivor is far better. 🙂
PS I believe you’ll find that Yamaha made the RD350.
Congratulations Mercedes. It is one of the ugliest bikes ever built (rotary engines are difficult appearance-wise). Yet, I’d like to have one in my garage, too!
Noticed the red zone in the tachometer, below 1,500rpm? I was told that Suzuki had trouble with torsional vibration at low rpm. They want you to avoid the troublesome area. Can anyone confirm this?
That red zone reminded me of the great Motomania comic book series. Sorry, I believe that these only come in German. In this comic strip, the rider is relieved to have successfully passed the red zone.
I didn’t know a rotary bike existed, which is why I read Autopian. It sure makes sense though.
Agreed — and why I’m not just a reader, but a member! Also, that Suzuki rotary badge is one of the coolest maker badges I’ve ever seen.
Mercedes, this is perhaps your most glorious acquisition. Please, in some form or another, document your restoration. Also, your photography here is extraordinary. I am seriously smitten.
What a wonderful addition to your fleet! Much respect.