Home » Let’s Look At The Cars Of The Scooby Doo Knockoffs

Let’s Look At The Cars Of The Scooby Doo Knockoffs

Knockoff Doo Top
ADVERTISEMENT

I’m not really sure what it is about a group of teenagers that spend all of their time exposing strange, low-ish stakes real estate scams that involve a lot of Halloween costumes and high school drama-class shenanigans, but in the 1970s and into the 1980s, America seemingly couldn’t get enough of them. The archetype is, of course, the Scooby-Doo gang, who roamed around the nation, seemingly unsupervised and without any responsibilities to impede their nomadic lives, in a garishly-painted van, unmasking greedy weirdos attempting to wrest ownership of various properties.

There were a shocking number of knockoffs to the formula established by Fred Jones, Daphne Blake, Velma Dinkley, and Norville “Shaggy” Rogers, along with their Great Dane   Doo, and many of these included notable cars of some kind. Sometimes very notable.

Vidframe Min Top
Vidframe Min Bottom

I should mention that I was reminded of all of these knockoffs when I saw this Twitter thread – I actually normally don’t devote all that much time to contemplating Scooby-Doo:

…and that’s when I realized I need to do a quick survey of the Scooby Doo knockoff cars. Because it’s important, dammit. Let’s get right into it, starting with the one that effectively combined the roles of the non-human member of the gang (usually an animal of some sort, with the required car: Speed Buggy.

ADVERTISEMENT

Speed Buggy, of Speed Buggy

Yes, Speed Buggy was that extra member of the gang, in this case a sentient Meyers Manx-style dune buggy. The animation style wasn’t especially detailed, but in that theme song animation there, the beginning bit with the Shaggy-esque character with the goggles working on Mr.Buggy’s engine reveals a surprising amount of detail:

Speedbuggy

It’s not wildly accurate, but whoever drew that was definitely looking at a picture of a an air-cooled Volkswagen engine, even if they likely didn’t know what they were looking at. But, you can definitely make out coil and carburetor and distributor and cylinder heads, even if it’s not exactly right.

Speed Buggy is notable for being the only sentient automobile of the Scooby-Doo knockoff community, and that’s significant.

ADVERTISEMENT

 

The Chan Van of Amazing Chan and the Chan Clan

Today we may look on this Scooby-Doo knockoff with some trepidation, out of fear that it’s all awful racist tropes, but the truth is a good bit more complex. Sure, it plays on some stereotypes, as the character of Charlie Chan always had, but it was also the first time Chan had been played by an actually Asian person, and it was a welcome addition of some cultures other than mainstream whiteness in the Saturday Morning Cartoonscape.

Chanvan

But! We’re here to talk about cars, and the Chan Van is an important one in this genre. It’s an interesting, sleek, wedge-shaped van with pop-up headlights, but it also doesn’t seem to be bound by the accepted rules of reality, as it can instantly change into pretty much any other kind of vehicle with just the push of a button on an odd 20-button keypad.

ADVERTISEMENT

How the hell does it do this? This feels beyond technology and into magic territory. I kinda feel like the Chan Clan is wasting whatever this power is by having a van that can turn into a street sweeper instantaneously, but what the hell do I know.

 

Fangface Car , of Fangface

Always with the mummies.

Clue Club is one of these shows I never really knew about, but it seems that here the non-human element is a werewolf of some kind, with one, large, centrally-mounted fang, placed nearly uselessly up front.

ADVERTISEMENT

Fangface

The Fangface Crew car is sort of typical of the genre, a strange dune buggy-like hot rod-like car called the Wolf Buggy, with large, open wheels and an interesting front end, with a long tapered snout terminating in a small radiator grille, and headlamps carved into the sides. It feels lupine, which is clearly intentional.

That windshield doesn’t seem to do much aside from keeping your knuckles drug-free.

Clue Club Car of Clue Club

This was essentially Scooby-Doo with two dogs instead of just one, and a car packed with cutting-edge 70s tech. Again, we have a dune buggy/show rod-type car here, with an in-dash CRT and a lot of other communication equipment, presumably helpful in solving very Scooby-Doo-like crimes, including ones with mummies, which seemed to be ever-present in the Dooniverse.

ADVERTISEMENT

Clueclub

I guess none of these teen groups cared about roofs? The Clue Club car at least has fenders, a wraparound windshield, and pop-up headlamps.

The Isetta-like Microcar from The New Schmoo

In the set of Scooby-Doo knockoffs, The New Schmoo is unique in that its based on a property that precedes Scooby-Doo by a significant amount of time. The Schmoo is a character that was first introduced in 1948, in Al Capp’s comic strip Li’l Abner: 

ADVERTISEMENT

Schmoos are deceptively complex; they’re sort of an allegory for the bounty of nature, and how humans interact with and exploit them is at the root of what they’re all about. It’s too much to go into here, as we have a car to talk about, but I feel like it’s important that you’re aware of the depth going on here.

But onto the car in the show, which I really like:

Schmoocar

The car in this show appears to be a sort of microcar, with a front-end door like an Iso/BMW Isetta or a Heinkel Trojan or a Zündapp Janus. It’s a bit more squared-off than an Isetta, and it’s three-wheeled (most Isettas had two close-set wheels at the rear) so it feels like something inspired by a number of microcars as opposed to just one.

I’m not clear on what the “M” badging was about, not having really watched the show, but it looks good? The front end reminds me a bit of a Goggomobil van, but not really. Mostly, I like that the featured car in one of these was a microcar.

ADVERTISEMENT

I feel like there are more, and if we expand our definition to include watercraft and spacecraft, even more. Maybe we can revisit this and do some others soon? I’m just happy we got a start.

 

Relateds

Before There Were Screens In Cars There Was An Amazing Can-Shaped TV For Your Cupholder

The Car Crashes From The ’70s TV Show ‘CHiPS’ Are Dazzling Dances Of Car Chaos

This Swedish Kid’s-Show Has The Most Terrifying Anthropomorphized Vehicles I’ve Ever Seen

 

Share on facebook
Facebook
Share on whatsapp
WhatsApp
Share on twitter
Twitter
Share on linkedin
LinkedIn
Share on reddit
Reddit
Subscribe
Notify of
86 Comments
Inline Feedbacks
View all comments
Yngve
Yngve
1 month ago
Joshua Christian
Joshua Christian
1 month ago
Reply to  Yngve

Would that really count as a Scooby-Doo variant though? Also, wow another Yngve. I’ve only ever seen that name once before!

James Wallace
James Wallace
1 month ago

Personally I felt let down when you didn’t include the “Venture Brothers” episode about Scooby Do. A slightly darker take on the group as older adults. I never saw the Chan Clan. What I found fascinating was the car’s changing ability. It was likely inspired by a spoof of the Bond movie done in Italy called “Goldsinger.” In that one Bond’s Aston Martin became a Fiat 500. It had an array of buttons on the dash that could instantly change the color of the Topolino (Italian nickname of the 500). It also changed the outfit that the Bond character was wearing. If you had ever been in 60-80’s era Italy you would know every 2nd car was a 500 or 600 Fiat. So simply changing the color made it instantly invisible to the pursuing villains. “Goldsinger” is hard to find, but if you’re a Bond fan and fan of his cars, well worth the watch. It had instead of a laser burning its way to his crotch, a record cutting machine with the Bond character tied down on the record rotating and cutting its way to Bond.

Nlpnt
Nlpnt
1 month ago
Reply to  James Wallace

It’s been said that a real London-based secret agent in the early ’60s more likely would’ve driven a Morris Minor than that highly conspicuous Aston.

Defiant
Defiant
1 month ago

Cars of Mask next? Brothers and I had some of those toys. Awesome!

MaximillianMeen
MaximillianMeen
1 month ago

What? No love for Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kids?!? They had a jet, a car, a helicopter, probably a boat, and a super-computer that’s allergic to dogs!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=Pds3zI7YxaY&t=0s

sentinelTk
sentinelTk
1 month ago

We need a Torch breakdown and ranking of all the Wacky Racers

MaximillianMeen
MaximillianMeen
1 month ago
Reply to  sentinelTk

THIS!!! This should be Jason’s highest priority! Forget eating, bathing, and shitting, Jason, get on your Commodore VIC 20 and start typing!!!

Geoff Buchholz
Geoff Buchholz
1 month ago

To the basement! Exit, stage right. Stage LEFT, even!

MaximillianMeen
MaximillianMeen
1 month ago
Reply to  Geoff Buchholz

Heavens to Murgatroyd!

Col Lingus
Col Lingus
1 month ago
Reply to  sentinelTk

We had a dog named Muttley.
She was a trip.

sentinelTk
sentinelTk
1 month ago
Reply to  Col Lingus

Sometimes my wife laughs like Muttley.

4jim
4jim
1 month ago

My gen x childhood was wasted watching tv?

MaximillianMeen
MaximillianMeen
1 month ago
Reply to  4jim

Only Saturday mornings.

Taargus Taargus
Taargus Taargus
1 month ago

Despite being younger than all of these shows, I somehow remember all of them (early Cartoon Network was 80% retro cartoons at it’s inception after all, and a lot of that being Hanna Barbara stuff) except for Fangface, which sounds like something Torch would make up and insert in the middle of a blog to see if anyone notices.

Tremendously formulaic, but I think these shows laid the foundation for Boomers/GenX love of the network procedurals that still bring in big ratings somehow for reasons that are still unclear to me.

Musicman27
Musicman27
1 month ago

“Amazing Chan and the Chan Clan” is about as Asian as you can get.

Urban Runabout
Urban Runabout
1 month ago
Reply to  Musicman27

“La Choy Make Chinese Food Swing American”

Dodsworth
Dodsworth
1 month ago

I’m old so I should know all of these but I only know Scooby Do and Speed Buggy. All the others might as well have been something you made up.

Chronometric
Chronometric
1 month ago
Reply to  Dodsworth

Same here. Back in the pre-internet dark ages we were subject to the whims of 3 large networks and a few local broadcast stations. There was little chance of finding something new unless your parents moved around a lot.

MaximillianMeen
MaximillianMeen
1 month ago
Reply to  Chronometric

I only watched the big 3 channels and I definitely remember watching Fangface and Clue Club. The Chan Clan I kinda recognized, but I can’t say I ever watched it. Must have come on opposite one of these other shows.

Canopysaurus
Canopysaurus
1 month ago

Most of the mentioned shows aired well after my peak cartoon viewing years, so not familiar with them (excepting Scooby as its cultural reach transcended Saturdays).

Sometimes, I think it’s a shame The Children’s Television Act (along with corporate greed) doomed today’s kids to hours of “educational” shows on Saturdays instead of the fantastical, violent, and often culturally moribund kids’ entertainment of my generation. I blame the rise of autism, sexual confusion, and drug dependency on the castrated and decaffeinated cartoons that followed the legislation. And, yes, I’m kidding. There were, and are, gems and duds in every age of television, so it all balances out.

If my generation had to suffer through “Shazzan” (featuring a stereotypical ‘genie’) to get “Jonny Quest,” so be it. Slog through “King Kong” or “The Archie Show” to get to “Spider-Man” and “The Fantastic Four?” You bet. Endure “Wacky Racers” in anticipation of “The Super Six?” Yes, please. Don’t even get me started on the Japanese contributions to the genre during this time: “Astro Boy,” “Kimba the White Lion,” “Marine Boy,” “Speed Racer.” Then there were Gerry Anderson’s marionette series, “Supercar,” “Fireball XL5,” “Stingray,” “The Thunderbirds,” “Captain Scarlet,” and “Joe 90.” Sprinkle in the usual Warner Brothers all-stars, “Underdog,” “The Herculoids,” “Space Ghost,” and the drug-induced Sid and Marty Krofft creations “The Banana Splits” and “H.R. Pufnstuf,” and damn, we had it good.

Of course only a few of these featured neat cars, notably “Speed Racer,” “Supercar,” “Captain Scarlet,” “The Thunderbirds,” “Wacky Racers,” and the ATVs on “The Banana Splits,” so most of this rant is completely off topic. Sorry about that, Chief.

Last edited 1 month ago by Canopysaurus
The Dude
The Dude
1 month ago
Reply to  Canopysaurus

The good news is you’re never to old to watch cartoons.

Balloondoggle
Balloondoggle
1 month ago
Reply to  Canopysaurus

My favorite anime of the time was Starblazers, but you never hear about that one anymore. I knew the theme song by heart (and could probably dredge up most of it today if I had to) and would sing it on my long walk to and from school as a latchkey kid.

Canopysaurus
Canopysaurus
1 month ago
Reply to  Balloondoggle

I was out of college by the time Star Blazers made it to the US, but did manage to see some of this series as “Space Battleship Yamato” in the early 90s. Excellent series with lots of sequels and spin-offs.

UnseenCat
UnseenCat
1 month ago
Reply to  Canopysaurus

The good news is that, starting back in 2012, the entire series was remade as Star Blazers/Space Cruiser Yamato 2199. Since then the entire continuing storyline has and is being systematically updated and re-worked, a current series is in mid-production, and it’s all very good. In the current remake-/reboot- mania that’s been gripping Hollywood and TV for the past decade or more, it’s a textbook-worthy example of how to remake a series for modern times the right way. If you were a fan of the old series, watch it and you’ll understand.

It helps that the entire production and direction crew all grew up as fans of the original. The music composer is the son of the original composer, even. The amount of love for the original and the desire to make something both worthy of and to build on it is amazing, really.

Oh, legendary Neon Genesis Evangelion creator and Shin Godzilla director Hideaki Anno is a longtime Yamato/Star Blazers fan, and is said to be working on a new movie in the series. That ought to be interesting.

Last edited 1 month ago by UnseenCat
Canopysaurus
Canopysaurus
1 month ago
Reply to  UnseenCat

Fascinating. I’ll look for this. Thanks.

April Chadwick
April Chadwick
1 month ago
Reply to  Balloondoggle

fire the Wave Motion Gun!

Last edited 1 month ago by April Chadwick
CrystalEyes
CrystalEyes
1 month ago
Reply to  Balloondoggle

I could never figure out why the enemy ships were always built to resemble an animal of some kind. How do all those legs help it fly!

TheWombatQueen
TheWombatQueen
1 month ago
Reply to  Canopysaurus

I love thunderbirds

IDM3
IDM3
1 month ago
Reply to  Canopysaurus

‘the drug-induced Sid and Marty Krofft creations “The Banana Splits” and “H.R. Pufnstuf,” ‘

Ah yes, “Pufnstuf”. My curiosity as a child in the early 70s were, “Just what were those guys puffing when they made that show?” and “Where can I find some? I want to know what the deal was about.”

It was probably mild compared to the stuff the folks at Mississippi Public Broadcasting were likely smoking when they did Clyde Frog at that time.

Canopysaurus
Canopysaurus
1 month ago
Reply to  IDM3

Somebody was probably licking Clyde.

Goblin
Goblin
1 month ago

I think an article about the car chase at the opening of Lupin III – Castle of Caliostro is long, long overdue…

https://youtu.be/LTOJZiDv1Uk

Lizardman in a human suit
Lizardman in a human suit
1 month ago
Reply to  Goblin

And now I need to watch that show. Thanks for the lead

Balloondoggle
Balloondoggle
1 month ago

My son had me watch that with him. I sort of enjoyed it.

Goblin
Goblin
1 month ago

There’s no way around it. You have to. Watch them all.

UnseenCat
UnseenCat
1 month ago
Reply to  Goblin

Hayao Miyazaki has a peculiar fascination for European towns and landscapes, and quirky European cars. Last I knew, He owns and drives a 2CV. In Tokyo.

Marathag
Marathag
1 month ago

Left out the vehicles of the live action H.R. Pufnstuf, which was no knockoff of Scooby and the gang, but it’s own acid trip of a show.

As was Lancelot Link, with a number of vehicles for that acid trip of a kids show.

Then the Banana Splits, with Bingo? as the guy in an ape suit driving a six wheeler.

While nearly every kid show in the early with teens had to have a monkey/chimp in the cast, the late ’60s had to have vehicles.

Speed Racer had both, obviously, the Venn Diagram of these was complete with LL, BS and SR for children’s programming.

Then the Singing.
Everything had to have singing, though SR&LL wasn’t during the show, just the open and close- unlike the others above.

Col Lingus
Col Lingus
1 month ago
Reply to  Marathag

+1 for Lancelot Link.

Tim Cougar
Tim Cougar
1 month ago

The Wolf Buggy looks like something George Barris or one of his contemporaries would build.

Steve P
Steve P
1 month ago

The real takeaway is that Hanna-Barbera never knew when to quit. What a conveyor belt of crap!

Balloondoggle
Balloondoggle
1 month ago
Reply to  Steve P

And yet, here we are still talking about them in a generally positive manner years after they have shuffled off this mortal coil.

Data
Data
1 month ago
Reply to  Steve P

Most of these shows produced a small number of episodes overall. When you have a formula that works, you can rework it again and again over the years.

Clue Club: 16
The Amazing Chan: 16
Fangface: 32 (wow and I’ve never heard of it)
New Shmoo: 16
Speed Buggy: 16

IDM3
IDM3
1 month ago
Reply to  Data

Wait, you never heard of Fangface? For shame!

Fangface was the late-70s remake of Scooby Doo and the first series from the new Ruby-Spears Productions, founded by Scooby Doo creators Joe Ruby and Ken Spears. Admittedly it was much tamer than Scooby Doo, but the similarities were there. You really need to see it!

Maymar
Maymar
1 month ago

The omission of the Supernatural Impala from that one animated Scooby Doo crossover episode is an outrage, the kind of which deserves a long Tumblr rant.

https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/supernatural/images/c/ca/Scoobynatural_Animated_Impala.jpg/revision/latest?cb=20180525040306

Chris D
Chris D
1 month ago

Having someone proofread before publishing is a very good idea. That way you would avoid stuff like “along with their Great Dane  Doo” and “warewolf”.
Other than that, what a great trip down the lane of ’70’s Saturday morning cartoons.

Only the genuine Scooby Doo had staying power. Speed Buggy comes in at a very distant second place.

Space
Space
1 month ago
Reply to  Chris D

What? Wernt warewolfs just werewolves that sell wares?

Canopysaurus
Canopysaurus
1 month ago
Reply to  Space

Warewolves is what they should’ve called the toy and cereal advertisers of these shows.

Matthew Thompson
Matthew Thompson
1 month ago

What? No Funky Phantom with their their Manxish buggy called the “Loony Duney”?

Geoff Buchholz
Geoff Buchholz
1 month ago

Here for any and all Daws Butler references (see above) … and that’s right, the Phantom DID have a buggy! Dune buggies were great for H-B because they allowed the entire cast to be easily seen as they headed to some caper or other.

Matthew Thompson
Matthew Thompson
1 month ago
Reply to  Geoff Buchholz

I’m just glad someone else remembers the show. People usually look at me like I’m insane when I mention it. Of course, 45 years later I can still sing the theme song (“that cat and that Funky Phantom ghost”), so maybe I am a little crazy.

Gerontius Garland
Gerontius Garland
1 month ago

There’s a great episode of Mystery Incorporated where all the teenagers disappear during the Mystery Solvers Club State Finals, and it’s up to Scooby, Jabberjaw, Speed Buggy, and the Funky Phantom to solve the mystery.

Matthew Thompson
Matthew Thompson
1 month ago

I’m going to have to search that out.

1978fiatspyderfan
1978fiatspyderfan
1 month ago

What no speed racer? How about Capt caveman and the pussycats

MATTinMKE
MATTinMKE
1 month ago

You mean Josie & the Pussycats? The first cartoon where I actually noticed the sexual innuendo for what it was?

1978fiatspyderfan
1978fiatspyderfan
1 month ago
Reply to  MATTinMKE

Nope there was one with Captain Caveman and 3 women I believe were the pussycats.

Balloondoggle
Balloondoggle
1 month ago

Maybe a crossover episode?

Vee
Vee
1 month ago

Captain Caveman And His Amazing Angels. For some reason they were in space as well.

Data
Data
1 month ago
Reply to  Vee

It’s Captain Caveman and the Teen Angels.

Fuzzyweis
Fuzzyweis
1 month ago

No mention of Grape Ape, boiling the formula down to it’s essence of a giant purple ape and his canine friend riding around in their van, solving mysteries. Once again the giant purple simian demographic is overlooked.

J Hyman
J Hyman
1 month ago
Reply to  Fuzzyweis

Indeed. And the rumor was, that vehicle ran like a violated primate!

Vee
Vee
1 month ago

The one thing missing is the Jabberjaw “floatmobile.” It was essentially a Ford Allegro II with a giant 1950 Bubbletop. The weirdest part is that despite it always being the same… Car? Submarine? Amphibious submersible? That it varied between having wheels or having a jet. The “floatmobile” wasn’t part of the show’s core iconography the way the Ghostbusters (not that one) Ghost Buggy or the Mystery Machine were to their respective cartoons.

It also makes you wonder about the mechanics and feasibility of everyone living in giant domes underwater and how weird traveling on the highway must be when the highway’s on the ocean floor. Does every gas station just have an airlock?

Taargus Taargus
Taargus Taargus
1 month ago
Reply to  Vee

Jabberjaw was the only show I noticed missing from this list. Considering Torch’s obsession with amphibious vehicles I would have assumed it would have been included.

DriveSheSaid
DriveSheSaid
1 month ago

And I’d have gotten away with these knockoffs if it weren’t for you meddling Autopians!

Mike Harrell
Mike Harrell
1 month ago

Speed Buggy is notable for being the only sentient automobile of the Scooby-Doo knockoff community, and that’s significant.

Wonderbug is another example if we’re willing to count a live-action show. It fits the formula pretty well.

Rob Schneider
Rob Schneider
1 month ago
Reply to  Mike Harrell

Something something, David Hasselhoff, something something K.I.T.T.

Somewhat similar formula, but with a chief technician and a babe-of-the-week instead of Daphne and Velma.

IDM3
IDM3
1 month ago
Reply to  Mike Harrell

Wonderbug and Speed Buggy were hand in hand. Both shows, as were Scooby Doo, Josie and the Pussycats, Funky Phantom, Goober and the Ghost Chasers, Clue Club, Captain Caveman, and Fangface, were all created by Joe Ruby and Ken Spears

And you can add to that list Pebbles & Bamm-Bamm (the Cave Buggy, a prehistoric Meyers Manx), Rickety Rocket, and Turbo Teen (let’s not discuss those two trainwrecks, thank you)

And there was a Catanooga Cats installment called the Micro Adventures, where a professor and his two kids explored the back yard in a cart that shrinks to micro-size. Look closely-the car is a generic VW Country Buggy.

And with all Ruby-Spears creations, it’s all about the drugs.

Highland Green Miata
Highland Green Miata
1 month ago

I feel like there’s a secondary intersection of the Chan Clan with Hong Kong Phooey, whose “Phooeymobile” also had the ability to somehow magically transform into whatever situationally appropriate vehicle was needed. https://starcars.fandom.com/wiki/The_Phooeymobile

Last edited 1 month ago by Highland Green Miata
Gene1969
Gene1969
1 month ago

I am surprised (and kinda disappointed) that The Autopian doesn’t have its own Cartoon or Carmic strip.

Ranwhenparked
Ranwhenparked
1 month ago

If you count live action, I always thought of The Ghost Busters as a sort of Scooby Doo knockoff, in that it was capitalizing on kids’ apparent interest in paranormal mysteries, had an intelligent animal sidekick, and an iconic car – in that case, a 1928 Whippet 96A touring car.

Although, they generally dealt with apparently real spirits as opposed to crooked real estate developers with rubber masks and special effects.

1978fiatspyderfan
1978fiatspyderfan
1 month ago
Reply to  Ranwhenparked

Also space ghost and the wonder twins with some space chimp

Balloondoggle
Balloondoggle
1 month ago
Reply to  Ranwhenparked

Redundancy alarm: Crooked Real Estate Developers. “Crooked” is unnecessary here as the term is implicit in “Real Estate Developer”.

Maybe I was more influenced by Scooby than I think…

Last edited 1 month ago by Balloondoggle
Eslader
Eslader
1 month ago
Reply to  Ranwhenparked

There was a book series back then called The Three Investigators that was basically an all-male Scooby Doo without the dog. Kids running around SoCal solving paranormal mysteries that always ended up being some crook putting on a ghost show to facilitate some crime.

Looking back, I actually really appreciate that series because it was one of the few kids books of the day that taught skepticism.

IDM3
IDM3
1 month ago
Reply to  Eslader

Sounds like an Encyclopedia Brown/Hardy Boys ripoff.

Eslader
Eslader
1 month ago
Reply to  IDM3

Closer to Hardy Boys – Encyclopedia Brown damn near beat you over the head with clues to the point that you felt like a real moron if you didn’t solve it.

And Alfred Hitchcock wasn’t involved with EB or the Hardy Boys. 😉

86
0
Would love your thoughts, please comment.x
()
x